TRIO Studies

TRIO Studies

General TRIO Studies Information

From 2024, a new series of interdisciplinary and multi-method studies looking at bio-behavioural synchrony in families (i.e., mothers, children and fathers – hence TRIO) is being set up at the Centre for Brain Science, Department of Psychology, University of Essex (Colchester, UK) in collaboration with The Synapse Centre for Neurodevelopment as part of East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust (ESNEFT).

Initially, the focus will be on mother-father bio-behavioural synchrony with a later addition of mother-child and father-child bio-behavioural synchrony measurement as well. While the first study will be carried out with healthy controls, subsequent studies will also include families with neurodivergent children and children with experiences of early adversity, care and/or adoption.

Please see below for more information on:
Main Study Elements
Specific Study Information
Call for Participation
Output: Talks & Presentations


Main TRIO Studies Elements

fNIRS hyperscanning in mother-child-father triads (child age 4-8 years) during several tasks. These will include a mother-child-father collaborative play session, a parent problem discussion session and a parent video viewing session. This will serve to derive measures of interpersonal neural synchrony as well as interpersonal neural coupling.

ECG hyperscanning in mothers and fathers during the same tasks. This will serve to derive a measure of physiological synchrony based on heart rate.

Blood pressure measurement during the parent problem discussion task to better understand the nature of physiological arousal.

Video recordings during the mother-child-father collaborative play and the parent problem discussion sessions. This will serve to derive measures of interaction quality according to several attachment-theory derived coding schemes.

Parental self-report questionnaires of attachment, caregiving, relationship quality etc.

Associations between all the above elements.


Specific TRIO Studies Information

TRIO Study I

From Spring 2024

Initially, there will be a focus on healthy controls and bio-behavioural synchrony will be derived from measures obtained in mothers and fathers.

TRIO Study II

From Autumn 2024

In a second step, bio-behavioural synchrony measurement in healthy controls will be extended to include fNIRS data from children as well.

TRIO Study III

From Summer 2025

In a third step, bio-behavioural synchrony will be obtained from families with neurodivergent children as well as children with experiences of early adversity, care and/or adoption.


Call for Participation in TRIO

In TRIO Study I we wish to examine how mums and dads coordinate their behaviour, heart rate and brain activity when they play with their child and discuss a problem amongst themselves. In other words, we are investigating bio-behavioural synchrony within families. The goal of our study is to find out what degree of parental synchrony is most beneficial for family functioning and how we could help families who experience difficulties related to parent-child interaction and parental communication.

If your family lives within the Colchester (Essex) area or you know a family who does, please check out the flyer below and share it with others. Thank you.


Output: Talks & Presentations

During the PGR Conference 2024 held at the Department of Psychology, University of Essex (Colchester, UK) on 10 May 2024, three posters about TRIO Study I were presented by Anil Karabulut, Laura Mtewele and Ricky Chmitorz. Anil won best poster presentation prize. Well done!

For more talks & presentations, please also see Dr Pascal Vrticka’s overall Talks & Presentations page.


More information about the TRIO Studies will be posted here once it becomes available.